1 00:00:04,200 --> 00:00:07,800 As a wildlife cameraman, I have travelled the world 2 00:00:07,800 --> 00:00:11,160 trying to capture life's most intimate and dramatic moments. 3 00:00:14,800 --> 00:00:17,960 But wouldn't it be incredible if we could see the world 4 00:00:17,960 --> 00:00:20,800 from an animal's point of view? 5 00:00:22,320 --> 00:00:26,240 Well, in this series, that is exactly what we're going to do, 6 00:00:26,240 --> 00:00:28,520 with the help of the animals themselves. 7 00:00:28,520 --> 00:00:30,840 They're going to be the ones that are doing the filming. 8 00:00:30,840 --> 00:00:35,400 They're going to take us to places that a cameraman like me 9 00:00:35,400 --> 00:00:38,440 simply cannot go, 10 00:00:38,440 --> 00:00:42,400 and reveal a side of their lives like we have never seen before. 11 00:00:50,360 --> 00:00:54,800 Working with scientists, we're going to design cameras small enough 12 00:00:54,800 --> 00:00:57,400 to take us into their hidden world for the first time. 13 00:00:58,840 --> 00:01:01,120 We're heading in. Wow. Some pups. 14 00:01:03,440 --> 00:01:07,200 Our camera crew will be one of the most diverse teams 15 00:01:07,200 --> 00:01:09,240 to ever film a wildlife series. 16 00:01:12,200 --> 00:01:14,320 From 30cm-tall meerkats... 17 00:01:16,920 --> 00:01:19,000 ..to 60mph cheetahs. 18 00:01:21,560 --> 00:01:23,360 From free-diving fur seals... 19 00:01:25,320 --> 00:01:27,400 ..to nest-building chimps. 20 00:01:29,400 --> 00:01:33,400 Our unconventional film crew will reveal surprising behaviour 21 00:01:33,400 --> 00:01:37,880 and give us a new insight into how they live their lives. 22 00:01:40,400 --> 00:01:44,280 Wow. That's really cool. Instantly, you get a real chimp point of view. 23 00:01:46,000 --> 00:01:47,480 This is their world... 24 00:01:48,960 --> 00:01:50,640 ..their footage. 25 00:01:50,640 --> 00:01:53,200 Oh, yeah. Oh, wow. ..their stories. 26 00:01:54,840 --> 00:01:57,200 And we're going to see it... GROWLING 27 00:01:57,200 --> 00:01:58,360 ..through their eyes. 28 00:02:00,360 --> 00:02:02,360 She's definitely got her game face on. 29 00:02:15,800 --> 00:02:18,640 In this programme, we'll see what our cameras can reveal 30 00:02:18,640 --> 00:02:21,680 about three of the world's most iconic species. 31 00:02:24,320 --> 00:02:28,160 In the forests of central Africa, we'll climb with chimpanzees... 32 00:02:28,160 --> 00:02:29,600 Good girl, Kimbang. 33 00:02:29,600 --> 00:02:32,800 ..and witness their secret tree-top behaviour. 34 00:02:35,200 --> 00:02:37,400 I want to be able to climb like that. 35 00:02:39,800 --> 00:02:43,760 In Argentina, we'll dive into the fascinating world of penguins... 36 00:02:46,360 --> 00:02:49,360 ..and uncover their extraordinary hunting techniques. 37 00:03:04,320 --> 00:03:07,200 My journey starts here, in South Africa. 38 00:03:09,640 --> 00:03:12,800 Funny, because as soon as I told people that I was coming here 39 00:03:12,800 --> 00:03:15,320 to film meerkats, everyone got excited. 40 00:03:16,480 --> 00:03:19,120 The kids got excited, my wife got excited. 41 00:03:19,120 --> 00:03:21,800 Random people in the shop got excited. 42 00:03:24,400 --> 00:03:27,800 The Kalahari Desert is the best place 43 00:03:27,800 --> 00:03:28,880 to find these miniature mammals. 44 00:03:41,920 --> 00:03:45,880 For the last 25 years, scientists from Cambridge University 45 00:03:45,880 --> 00:03:49,480 have been studying meerkats' fascinating social lives. 46 00:03:52,240 --> 00:03:55,160 But they still know virtually nothing about 47 00:03:55,160 --> 00:03:58,400 what they get up to inside their burrow. 48 00:03:58,400 --> 00:04:02,240 Our mission is to use many cameras to reveal the extent 49 00:04:02,240 --> 00:04:04,240 of their underground world - 50 00:04:04,240 --> 00:04:07,520 where they sleep, how they navigate. 51 00:04:07,520 --> 00:04:12,120 But most importantly, we want to see newborn pups below ground. 52 00:04:14,360 --> 00:04:18,400 Grab a pew. I think I might have brought the wrong lens. 53 00:04:20,120 --> 00:04:22,280 We're meeting a family of 21, 54 00:04:22,280 --> 00:04:26,800 led by a dominant female who's mother to the pups. 55 00:04:26,800 --> 00:04:29,160 She wears a radio collar to help the scientists track 56 00:04:29,160 --> 00:04:30,400 the group's movements. 57 00:04:33,320 --> 00:04:37,800 Project manager Laura Meldrum and her team weigh each member 58 00:04:37,800 --> 00:04:40,280 of the group daily as part of their study. 59 00:04:40,280 --> 00:04:44,560 This is our subordinate female, our older subordinate female, Eve. 60 00:04:44,560 --> 00:04:46,680 And is she a good camera candidate? 61 00:04:46,680 --> 00:04:48,600 She is, yeah. You can see she loves water... 62 00:04:49,840 --> 00:04:51,240 ..and is also very receptive. 63 00:04:52,840 --> 00:04:56,520 I think, Eve, I could've gotten a little camera on you 64 00:04:56,520 --> 00:04:57,720 before you knew it. 65 00:04:59,200 --> 00:05:02,400 Eve is the dominant female's eldest daughter. 66 00:05:02,400 --> 00:05:04,680 She's ideally placed to film the pups. 67 00:05:07,320 --> 00:05:11,800 We're also keen to get our cameras on a carefree teenager. 68 00:05:11,800 --> 00:05:13,360 Look at you. 69 00:05:13,360 --> 00:05:15,560 It's like a job interview. 70 00:05:15,560 --> 00:05:17,120 What are your qualifications? 71 00:05:17,120 --> 00:05:20,000 You're a meerkat. Are you nine months old? 72 00:05:20,000 --> 00:05:21,720 No. No? This one's six months old. 73 00:05:21,720 --> 00:05:24,720 OK, get out. Next in line. Next, please. Come on. Yum, yum. 74 00:05:24,720 --> 00:05:26,920 Thanks for coming. Sit down. 75 00:05:26,920 --> 00:05:29,360 Just relax. How old? 76 00:05:29,360 --> 00:05:30,800 Nine months. OK. 77 00:05:30,800 --> 00:05:31,960 We'll get back to you. 78 00:05:35,400 --> 00:05:37,960 Our cameras weigh less than a meerkat's radio collar, 79 00:05:37,960 --> 00:05:41,480 and it's over to the man who made them, Chris Watts, to get them on. 80 00:05:45,240 --> 00:05:49,600 First up is a lively teenager called Fat Boy. 81 00:05:49,600 --> 00:05:55,400 I think it's incredibly exciting that we might just be able to get 82 00:05:55,400 --> 00:05:58,760 one of our cameras right at the heart of this family. 83 00:06:02,320 --> 00:06:04,480 That is the goal, that's the dream. 84 00:06:19,440 --> 00:06:20,760 Oh, come on. 85 00:06:25,720 --> 00:06:27,920 Oh, well done, Chris. He's got it on. 86 00:06:29,000 --> 00:06:30,680 Next up is Eve. 87 00:06:32,160 --> 00:06:35,480 Unlike Fat Boy, the camera slips on the first time. 88 00:06:47,800 --> 00:06:50,160 It's reassuring to see our film crew so relaxed, 89 00:06:50,160 --> 00:06:54,560 and the test footage gives us our first glimpse of what it's like 90 00:06:54,560 --> 00:06:56,920 to be a meerkat. 91 00:06:56,920 --> 00:06:59,520 I just love how crazily big we look. 92 00:06:59,520 --> 00:07:02,000 It's a tiny water bottle. Yeah. 93 00:07:02,000 --> 00:07:03,440 Yeah. It just looks huge. 94 00:07:05,480 --> 00:07:09,520 Immediately, the cameras reveal remarkable behaviour. 95 00:07:12,880 --> 00:07:15,360 Whoa. Oh, wow. 96 00:07:15,360 --> 00:07:18,200 That's kind of like a grub of some kind. Tasty. 97 00:07:18,200 --> 00:07:21,840 Instead of wolfing it down, she generously gives it 98 00:07:21,840 --> 00:07:23,960 to one of the pups. 99 00:07:23,960 --> 00:07:26,880 Now, that looked like quite a good meal, didn't it? Yeah. 100 00:07:29,000 --> 00:07:33,400 Fat Boy's camera has recorded his favourite pastime - 101 00:07:33,400 --> 00:07:34,240 play fighting. 102 00:07:35,920 --> 00:07:39,840 So, I think we do enter their world. 103 00:07:39,840 --> 00:07:43,480 You're getting a big idea of what it is like to be a meerkat. Yeah. 104 00:07:48,000 --> 00:07:49,520 That was just the start. 105 00:07:50,880 --> 00:07:54,560 We're now hoping to capture images from deep within their burrow... 106 00:07:57,400 --> 00:08:01,880 ..and a side of meerkat life no-one has ever seen before. 107 00:08:05,520 --> 00:08:09,240 As the day draws to a close, our group heads for home. 108 00:08:16,720 --> 00:08:18,960 We need to deploy a new set of cameras 109 00:08:18,960 --> 00:08:22,160 just before the group goes below ground. 110 00:08:22,160 --> 00:08:24,440 It's the biggest crew that I've ever worked with. 111 00:08:31,560 --> 00:08:36,200 Chris has created an infrared camera that will allow us to film 112 00:08:36,200 --> 00:08:37,760 in total darkness. 113 00:08:37,760 --> 00:08:40,440 The light's running, so that means we're all good to go. 114 00:08:44,120 --> 00:08:45,920 Eve's camera goes on first. 115 00:08:47,400 --> 00:08:48,360 Hey, Fat Boy. 116 00:08:50,680 --> 00:08:52,480 Easy does it. That's a good boy. 117 00:08:52,480 --> 00:08:54,720 Nice one. All right, Fat Boy, it's over to you. 118 00:08:56,440 --> 00:09:00,920 As a cameraman, I kind of feel like I'm giving over a lot - 119 00:09:00,920 --> 00:09:03,920 not to someone else, but to a completely different species. 120 00:09:03,920 --> 00:09:08,480 I'm just putting all my faith in technology and in a meerkat. 121 00:09:12,200 --> 00:09:13,760 It looks great. 122 00:09:20,800 --> 00:09:23,000 Just having a bit of fun before going to bed. 123 00:09:31,360 --> 00:09:32,760 Looks like we might be heading in. 124 00:09:37,800 --> 00:09:38,880 Wow. Some pups. 125 00:09:41,800 --> 00:09:45,600 In the pitch-black, Eve relies entirely on her whiskers 126 00:09:45,600 --> 00:09:48,560 and sense of smell to find her way around the tunnels. 127 00:09:55,520 --> 00:09:57,440 Wow, it feels quite grand in there. 128 00:09:57,440 --> 00:10:00,280 Yeah. It looks like the tunnel's dividing off, as well. 129 00:10:10,240 --> 00:10:12,760 Meerkats aren't the only lodgers here. 130 00:10:15,960 --> 00:10:18,400 What's that? Dung beetles. Oh, wow, is it? 131 00:10:18,400 --> 00:10:20,440 Yeah. That's cool. 132 00:10:22,920 --> 00:10:25,800 Meerkats don't eat dung beetles. 133 00:10:26,920 --> 00:10:29,160 They help clean up the meerkats' mess, 134 00:10:29,160 --> 00:10:31,800 so the family welcomes these helpful housemates. 135 00:10:34,960 --> 00:10:38,840 We can see every grain of sand down there, but the fact is 136 00:10:38,840 --> 00:10:41,680 for those meerkats, they can't see a single thing. Yeah. 137 00:10:47,560 --> 00:10:53,200 Every time I've been able to inspect a den or a tunnel system 138 00:10:53,200 --> 00:10:58,560 of any animal, it's always been a lot smaller than you'd ever expect. 139 00:10:58,560 --> 00:11:02,160 Whereas this is a lot bigger than I expected. Yeah! 140 00:11:04,400 --> 00:11:06,720 Eve's navigating her way through a labyrinth. 141 00:11:14,960 --> 00:11:18,400 We've scanned the burrow to create the first ever map 142 00:11:18,400 --> 00:11:20,440 of this underground world. 143 00:11:22,720 --> 00:11:26,240 There are over 100 metres of tunnels. 144 00:11:31,000 --> 00:11:35,120 It's a vast interconnected system with more than 20 entrances. 145 00:11:36,920 --> 00:11:39,280 A seriously impressive piece of engineering. 146 00:11:47,840 --> 00:11:51,000 You can see some scratch marks sort of even on the... 147 00:11:51,000 --> 00:11:54,520 It looks like the roof and the walls of the tunnel. 148 00:11:54,520 --> 00:11:57,640 It's like the inside of a polar bear's snow den. 149 00:11:57,640 --> 00:12:01,400 It's just like claw marks where they've been raking at the snow. 150 00:12:05,440 --> 00:12:09,160 Eventually, Eve enters a large chamber 151 00:12:09,160 --> 00:12:11,800 and her camera reveals something new. 152 00:12:18,160 --> 00:12:22,360 Above ground, the feisty leader often keeps lower ranking females, 153 00:12:22,360 --> 00:12:24,720 like Eve, at a distance. 154 00:12:24,720 --> 00:12:28,160 But down here, hierarchy is put to one side... 155 00:12:30,160 --> 00:12:32,520 ..as the whole family shares the same bedroom. 156 00:12:41,760 --> 00:12:43,600 That is fantastic. 157 00:12:46,240 --> 00:12:47,760 Yeah, it's really wonderful. 158 00:12:57,600 --> 00:13:00,960 Our cameras have given us our first fascinating look 159 00:13:00,960 --> 00:13:02,640 inside a meerkat's burrow. 160 00:13:10,240 --> 00:13:13,320 But there's something even more remarkable we want to capture. 161 00:13:16,800 --> 00:13:19,360 Newborn pups only emerge from the burrow when they're 162 00:13:19,360 --> 00:13:21,200 two to three weeks old. 163 00:13:21,200 --> 00:13:24,520 Before that, they're hidden below ground. 164 00:13:24,520 --> 00:13:27,640 A stage of meerkat life that scientists are desperate 165 00:13:27,640 --> 00:13:29,120 to learn more about. 166 00:13:36,880 --> 00:13:39,800 Over the coming weeks, the research team continues 167 00:13:39,800 --> 00:13:41,320 to deploy our cameras. 168 00:13:49,160 --> 00:13:50,440 Until finally... 169 00:13:55,960 --> 00:13:58,240 ..a meerkat has given birth. 170 00:14:12,640 --> 00:14:15,000 We're taken right into the birthing chamber. 171 00:14:22,160 --> 00:14:25,800 At the centre are five new arrivals. 172 00:14:31,480 --> 00:14:33,880 These pups are less than a day old. 173 00:14:42,840 --> 00:14:45,640 One pup still has its umbilical cord attached. 174 00:14:53,560 --> 00:14:56,800 Instinctively, the infants search for their mother's milk. 175 00:14:59,320 --> 00:15:01,160 Their eyes are still closed, 176 00:15:01,160 --> 00:15:05,160 but, surprisingly, they're already communicating. 177 00:15:16,920 --> 00:15:21,720 In this maze of dark tunnels, their chirps help the adults find them... 178 00:15:32,600 --> 00:15:35,800 ..and also help the family build the strong bonds they'll need 179 00:15:35,800 --> 00:15:37,600 to survive above ground. 180 00:15:44,880 --> 00:15:46,920 These results are ground-breaking. 181 00:15:50,600 --> 00:15:53,920 The whole scientific team gathers to watch the family's footage. 182 00:16:08,680 --> 00:16:12,960 For Laura, it's the film of the newborn pups that's most exciting. 183 00:16:14,760 --> 00:16:19,400 I would almost have expected them to be a lot more wobbly 184 00:16:19,400 --> 00:16:22,840 and it would take a while longer for them to be able 185 00:16:22,840 --> 00:16:24,120 to sort of be this active. 186 00:16:25,920 --> 00:16:29,360 It's nice to be able to see that they have this mobility about them 187 00:16:29,360 --> 00:16:32,240 and they can walk around the burrow and sort of find their way over 188 00:16:32,240 --> 00:16:33,880 to the nipple that they want. 189 00:16:35,880 --> 00:16:39,800 We know so much about their lives above ground, 190 00:16:39,800 --> 00:16:42,280 but it's then beginning to know things about their lives 191 00:16:42,280 --> 00:16:45,480 below ground that is really exciting for the future. 192 00:16:53,800 --> 00:16:56,280 The cameras have provided the missing piece of the puzzle. 193 00:17:04,760 --> 00:17:08,560 But miniature camera technology isn't just making breakthroughs 194 00:17:08,560 --> 00:17:10,800 below ground. 195 00:17:12,840 --> 00:17:16,720 In another part of Africa, it's helping scientists study 196 00:17:16,720 --> 00:17:20,560 an endangered animal in the very tops of the rainforest trees. 197 00:17:37,800 --> 00:17:40,720 I've travelled deep into the jungles of Cameroon. 198 00:17:45,920 --> 00:17:49,160 The forests here are home to an incredible variety of wildlife. 199 00:17:55,720 --> 00:17:59,400 Including a species that I've always been fascinated by. 200 00:18:02,960 --> 00:18:06,160 I'm on my way to meet a troop of chimpanzees, 201 00:18:06,160 --> 00:18:10,680 who we hope will take our cameras into their tree-top world. 202 00:18:17,520 --> 00:18:20,720 We've set up camp at Sanaga-Yong Rescue Center. 203 00:18:23,600 --> 00:18:27,840 Here, orphaned chimps are taught survival skills they need to join 204 00:18:27,840 --> 00:18:29,400 a chimpanzee family. 205 00:18:34,240 --> 00:18:37,960 The goal is to ultimately build well-bonded groups 206 00:18:37,960 --> 00:18:40,160 which can be released back into the wild. 207 00:18:47,280 --> 00:18:50,640 We're here to see if onboard cameras can help monitor 208 00:18:50,640 --> 00:18:52,720 and speed up that process. 209 00:18:58,880 --> 00:19:02,640 This bundle of energy is four-year-old Kimbang. 210 00:19:07,480 --> 00:19:10,720 Like others here, she's had a difficult start in life. 211 00:19:14,440 --> 00:19:18,000 Weak and traumatised, Kimbang arrived in a box. 212 00:19:19,360 --> 00:19:21,440 Poachers had killed her mother for food. 213 00:19:27,160 --> 00:19:30,960 Mimi Swift has been preparing the youngster for her first step 214 00:19:30,960 --> 00:19:32,440 towards a new life. 215 00:19:38,480 --> 00:19:42,520 As a surrogate mother, you want to be able to teach them everything 216 00:19:42,520 --> 00:19:46,000 that they need to know to be with an actual chimp group, 217 00:19:46,000 --> 00:19:47,480 because that's the end goal. 218 00:19:50,800 --> 00:19:54,160 The big question is whether this little one is ready 219 00:19:54,160 --> 00:19:55,960 to join a family group. 220 00:19:57,520 --> 00:20:00,120 Mimi can't see Kimbang in the tree tops, 221 00:20:00,120 --> 00:20:03,360 so she's built her a camera harness. 222 00:20:03,360 --> 00:20:05,120 Don't stamp on me. 223 00:20:05,120 --> 00:20:08,360 She's hoping we can improve her design and help deliver 224 00:20:08,360 --> 00:20:09,960 the footage she needs. 225 00:20:09,960 --> 00:20:11,640 Easy now, easy now. 226 00:20:11,640 --> 00:20:13,600 No. 227 00:20:13,600 --> 00:20:16,840 What would you be most interested in finding out? 228 00:20:16,840 --> 00:20:19,960 I'd like to know how she's moving through the forest, 229 00:20:19,960 --> 00:20:23,680 because she may be able to climb high, but she may not be confident. 230 00:20:23,680 --> 00:20:26,520 Also, how she's choosing fruits. 231 00:20:26,520 --> 00:20:28,360 So any footage that we get from the cameras, 232 00:20:28,360 --> 00:20:31,720 will that help you kind of plan the next step for Kimbang? 233 00:20:31,720 --> 00:20:34,720 Hopefully, if she's overcoming those milestones, then I'll 234 00:20:34,720 --> 00:20:37,400 feel more confident putting her into a group that she'll be able 235 00:20:37,400 --> 00:20:38,720 to protect herself. 236 00:20:43,360 --> 00:20:47,440 Mimi's original design was built with car tyres and nuts and bolts. 237 00:20:50,600 --> 00:20:53,400 Now Chris is going to try and make it even stronger. 238 00:20:59,880 --> 00:21:02,280 So, I'm trying to chimp test this. 239 00:21:02,280 --> 00:21:05,480 I'm nowhere near as strong as a chimp, but if I can break it 240 00:21:05,480 --> 00:21:06,640 then we know that they can. 241 00:21:06,640 --> 00:21:09,400 So I'm just trying to break it! 242 00:21:10,160 --> 00:21:12,840 We're ready to give the camera a go. 243 00:21:12,840 --> 00:21:16,320 But we'll have to wait for Kimbang to settle down first. 244 00:21:16,320 --> 00:21:17,920 Hey, no. 245 00:21:20,240 --> 00:21:21,760 What are you doing, you nutter? 246 00:21:25,400 --> 00:21:26,520 No, that's not... 247 00:21:28,320 --> 00:21:30,480 Do you need that? It's my shopping list. 248 00:21:39,320 --> 00:21:41,840 Kimbang's never seen the camera before, 249 00:21:41,840 --> 00:21:43,720 so a little encouragement is needed. 250 00:21:50,920 --> 00:21:52,000 Kimbang. 251 00:21:55,000 --> 00:21:57,200 This is what everyone's wearing in London. 252 00:21:58,480 --> 00:21:59,840 Yeah? 253 00:21:59,840 --> 00:22:02,520 Kimbang. Kimbang. 254 00:22:04,400 --> 00:22:05,680 Do you want it? 255 00:22:05,680 --> 00:22:07,000 Come back. 256 00:22:07,000 --> 00:22:08,760 Look! Whoa! 257 00:22:13,760 --> 00:22:17,520 For safety, the harness has been designed so Kimbang can remove it 258 00:22:17,520 --> 00:22:19,000 any time she wants. 259 00:22:19,000 --> 00:22:23,000 There we go. Special girl, there you go. 260 00:22:23,000 --> 00:22:25,680 Good girl, Kimbang. 261 00:22:25,680 --> 00:22:29,240 Eventually, she agrees to wear the camera like a belt. 262 00:22:29,240 --> 00:22:31,360 Good girl. 263 00:22:31,360 --> 00:22:33,800 But our success is short-lived. 264 00:22:36,640 --> 00:22:40,480 Within minutes, Kimbang has pulled the reinforced harness apart. 265 00:22:47,520 --> 00:22:48,800 You've broken it, Kimbang. 266 00:22:54,320 --> 00:22:57,200 We're going to have to seriously rethink our approach. 267 00:23:05,320 --> 00:23:09,640 Work is under way on an even more industrial design. 268 00:23:11,800 --> 00:23:13,840 So how many hours do you reckon for one collar? 269 00:23:13,840 --> 00:23:15,440 It's kind of a two-day process. 270 00:23:15,440 --> 00:23:17,320 OK. So... OK. 271 00:23:17,320 --> 00:23:18,960 But it is a lot of work. 272 00:23:18,960 --> 00:23:21,600 To start with, you have the scratching and the gluing, 273 00:23:21,600 --> 00:23:23,560 then they get sent off to be stitched. 274 00:23:23,560 --> 00:23:26,400 But then these harnesses need boiling. 275 00:23:26,400 --> 00:23:28,840 And they get boiled, so they actually push back in on themselves. 276 00:23:28,840 --> 00:23:32,200 So it makes it easier for the chimps to put them back on. Yeah. 277 00:23:32,200 --> 00:23:35,960 Seeing how strong and how destructive they are, 278 00:23:35,960 --> 00:23:38,440 you realise actually it's the only way it can be done. 279 00:23:38,440 --> 00:23:40,840 Absolutely, it's that deadly combination 280 00:23:40,840 --> 00:23:42,720 of intelligence and strength. Yeah. 281 00:23:50,240 --> 00:23:55,320 Two days later, the new chimp camera is ready for action. 282 00:23:55,320 --> 00:23:57,400 All right, finished. 283 00:23:57,400 --> 00:23:58,960 Yeah, I'm really happy with that. 284 00:23:58,960 --> 00:24:02,920 And everything is in place for Kimbang's tree-top test. 285 00:24:05,160 --> 00:24:09,200 The first test will be to see if Kimbang can find her own food. 286 00:24:13,240 --> 00:24:17,520 In the forest, young chimps need to learn which fruits are safe to eat. 287 00:24:23,440 --> 00:24:25,720 Sometimes, when she comes down from the trees, 288 00:24:25,720 --> 00:24:28,000 I can see around her mouth 289 00:24:28,000 --> 00:24:30,360 the remnants of some wild fruits that she's eaten, 290 00:24:30,360 --> 00:24:32,920 or I can smell it on her breath, something sweet, but... 291 00:24:32,920 --> 00:24:35,920 You don't know what it is. ..I don't know where she's got it, yeah. 292 00:24:35,920 --> 00:24:39,360 The only way for us to monitor Kimbang up there 293 00:24:39,360 --> 00:24:41,400 is with our onboard camera. 294 00:24:43,920 --> 00:24:45,480 Excellent. 295 00:24:45,480 --> 00:24:47,720 Now that she's got the camera on, 296 00:24:47,720 --> 00:24:51,720 I hope she'll keep it on and then go off and find her own food. 297 00:24:51,720 --> 00:24:54,400 And it'll be really interesting to find out 298 00:24:54,400 --> 00:24:55,840 if Kimbang has those skills. 299 00:24:59,520 --> 00:25:01,520 Right, shall we have a look at this? Yep. 300 00:25:09,640 --> 00:25:10,840 What's she doing? 301 00:25:12,280 --> 00:25:14,880 She's checking the camera. Yeah, it's still there. 302 00:25:16,400 --> 00:25:20,400 To begin with, we're getting a lot of selfies. 303 00:25:25,440 --> 00:25:27,880 Our camera's lens is highly reflective. 304 00:25:31,520 --> 00:25:34,600 So Kimbang is having a good long look at herself 305 00:25:34,600 --> 00:25:35,760 for the first time. 306 00:25:40,280 --> 00:25:41,920 It's great. 307 00:25:41,920 --> 00:25:46,920 Finally, she starts to focus on the task at hand. 308 00:25:46,920 --> 00:25:50,160 You actually get a real sense of how fast she's moving on the ground. 309 00:25:50,160 --> 00:25:51,360 Yeah. 310 00:25:52,680 --> 00:25:54,680 Chimpanzees have the amazing turn of speed. 311 00:25:56,360 --> 00:25:58,280 I want to be able to climb like that. 312 00:25:59,320 --> 00:26:01,920 The strength in their limbs is incredible. 313 00:26:03,720 --> 00:26:05,640 Gosh, how high is she? 314 00:26:05,640 --> 00:26:07,920 She looks really high. Yeah. 315 00:26:09,120 --> 00:26:11,360 She should be able to go right to the top of the canopy. 316 00:26:12,840 --> 00:26:15,400 She's doing a great job actually wearing it. 317 00:26:15,400 --> 00:26:18,840 At any point, she could just rip it off if she wants and throw it out of 318 00:26:18,840 --> 00:26:22,920 the tree, so it is amazing actually that she's cooperating like this. 319 00:26:28,560 --> 00:26:30,480 I'm really encouraged by her climbing, 320 00:26:30,480 --> 00:26:34,000 how fast she's going through the vines or the spiky trees 321 00:26:34,000 --> 00:26:36,960 or the thicker trees. She's not falling at all, 322 00:26:36,960 --> 00:26:40,360 she's finding which branch she wants to go to and going straight for it 323 00:26:40,360 --> 00:26:42,240 and making those right decisions. 324 00:26:42,240 --> 00:26:45,120 Yeah. That's really important. 325 00:26:45,120 --> 00:26:46,720 Yeah, she's doing really well. 326 00:26:48,520 --> 00:26:50,760 See, she grabbed something to eat. Oh, yeah, yeah. 327 00:26:50,760 --> 00:26:52,880 See that? Yeah. She just grabbed it from the bush, 328 00:26:52,880 --> 00:26:54,400 she's got it in her mouth. 329 00:26:54,400 --> 00:26:55,880 What is that? 330 00:26:55,880 --> 00:26:57,280 She smells it. 331 00:26:58,320 --> 00:27:00,840 Nope. Nope, not good enough. SHE LAUGHS 332 00:27:00,840 --> 00:27:02,680 So are you encouraged when you see this? 333 00:27:02,680 --> 00:27:07,000 Yeah, that she's testing things, smelling it and making that decision 334 00:27:07,000 --> 00:27:09,400 that that's not something she wants to eat. 335 00:27:10,960 --> 00:27:13,320 It really kind of does build up a picture of exactly 336 00:27:13,320 --> 00:27:14,800 what's going on up there. 337 00:27:18,800 --> 00:27:24,160 From her traumatic start in life, Kimbang has come a very long way. 338 00:27:28,000 --> 00:27:31,760 But before Mimi feels completely confident about releasing her into a 339 00:27:31,760 --> 00:27:36,960 family group, she wants to see if Kimbang can recognise and respond 340 00:27:36,960 --> 00:27:38,240 to danger. 341 00:27:40,120 --> 00:27:43,760 So we've come up with an experiment using a plastic predator. 342 00:27:59,280 --> 00:28:00,920 I've never seen her see a snake, 343 00:28:00,920 --> 00:28:05,440 so I hope that she doesn't get too close and that she lets us know that 344 00:28:05,440 --> 00:28:10,400 it's there. And will make a small noise like, "Ooh, ooh," 345 00:28:10,400 --> 00:28:13,800 so that we know that there's something she shouldn't go near. OK. 346 00:28:17,280 --> 00:28:20,760 I'm really excited to find out exactly how she reacts to this. 347 00:28:22,200 --> 00:28:23,840 Good girl, Kimbang. 348 00:28:23,840 --> 00:28:25,360 What's that? Good girl. 349 00:28:35,760 --> 00:28:37,680 Can you figure out what she's actually doing? 350 00:28:37,680 --> 00:28:39,960 She's stopped, so she must've seen it. 351 00:28:39,960 --> 00:28:42,240 Is she looking at it? Yeah, she definitely knows 352 00:28:42,240 --> 00:28:43,760 something's not quite right. 353 00:28:52,920 --> 00:28:55,680 Yeah, look, she's moved right around. OK. 354 00:28:55,680 --> 00:28:57,640 But she hasn't gone actually near the snake, 355 00:28:57,640 --> 00:28:59,720 she's just checking it from every angle. 356 00:29:02,400 --> 00:29:06,120 This response is entirely based on instinct. 357 00:29:06,120 --> 00:29:08,360 There's a lot of snakes in this forest, so if she'd 358 00:29:08,360 --> 00:29:13,600 just gone and grabbed it, then it'd be really worrying. Yeah. 359 00:29:13,600 --> 00:29:16,880 Did you see? She just touched the bush to see if it'll move. 360 00:29:16,880 --> 00:29:19,200 Yeah, yeah. Which is great. 361 00:29:19,200 --> 00:29:22,000 Kimbang adopts a defensive strategy. 362 00:29:23,400 --> 00:29:25,720 She's even using the bush to make herself look even bigger. 363 00:29:27,960 --> 00:29:29,280 Good girl. 364 00:29:31,160 --> 00:29:35,800 She's improvising, using every tool at her disposal. 365 00:29:36,720 --> 00:29:40,400 Oh, that's good, she's trying to hit it with the camera. 366 00:29:40,400 --> 00:29:41,360 That's great. 367 00:29:43,800 --> 00:29:46,800 But will she make an alarm call to announce the danger? 368 00:29:49,960 --> 00:29:51,760 Yes, that is brilliant. 369 00:29:54,880 --> 00:29:57,560 It's great that she's let us know that it's there. 370 00:29:57,560 --> 00:30:00,680 That is good. So I think we should make an alarm call 371 00:30:00,680 --> 00:30:05,160 so she knows we've seen it, and then she'll leave with us. 372 00:30:08,440 --> 00:30:10,560 It's the perfect response. 373 00:30:10,560 --> 00:30:13,920 One that could've saved her in a real life snake encounter. 374 00:30:15,800 --> 00:30:17,440 Come, come. 375 00:30:17,440 --> 00:30:18,960 Take the camera with you. 376 00:30:20,160 --> 00:30:21,280 Good girl. 377 00:30:21,280 --> 00:30:26,200 Kimbang is proving with every task that she's ready for the next step. 378 00:30:29,880 --> 00:30:33,600 Like all chimps, Kimbang's future survival depends 379 00:30:33,600 --> 00:30:35,400 on being part of a family group. 380 00:30:36,640 --> 00:30:41,480 Chimps are extremely social animals, even more than humans. 381 00:30:41,480 --> 00:30:45,520 They're so social and that's how they learn, that's how they survive, 382 00:30:45,520 --> 00:30:47,720 they help each other. If there's a disabled chimp, 383 00:30:47,720 --> 00:30:51,400 then sometimes the troop will carry it through that time and make sure 384 00:30:51,400 --> 00:30:52,640 that they look after it. 385 00:30:52,640 --> 00:30:54,560 They need the support of each other. 386 00:30:54,560 --> 00:30:57,720 They need it emotionally and they need it physically. 387 00:30:57,720 --> 00:30:59,320 They need to protect each other. 388 00:30:59,320 --> 00:31:02,200 A lone chimp by itself, especially a young one, is just so vulnerable, 389 00:31:02,200 --> 00:31:03,480 they'd never survive. 390 00:31:08,840 --> 00:31:11,760 Mimi thinks there's a suitable group for Kimbang to join. 391 00:31:14,200 --> 00:31:16,960 Like Kimbang, they were once orphans. 392 00:31:18,920 --> 00:31:22,240 Could our cameras reveal how this newly formed family 393 00:31:22,240 --> 00:31:24,400 is adapting to life in the tree tops? 394 00:31:26,880 --> 00:31:29,800 They live in a large patch of rainforest, but they can 395 00:31:29,800 --> 00:31:33,400 be lured to the perimeter fence to pick up their cameras. 396 00:31:35,280 --> 00:31:36,520 Guys! 397 00:31:39,720 --> 00:31:42,360 Ordinarily in these housings, there's a button that switches 398 00:31:42,360 --> 00:31:44,560 the camera on and a button that starts the recording, 399 00:31:44,560 --> 00:31:47,520 stops the recording. But these chimpanzees are so clever, 400 00:31:47,520 --> 00:31:51,200 they will happily switch the cameras off, start re-recording, 401 00:31:51,200 --> 00:31:54,280 stop them recording. So we've had to actually deactivate 402 00:31:54,280 --> 00:31:56,840 all of the buttons, wire them shut... 403 00:31:58,200 --> 00:32:01,720 ..and, hopefully, they'll just take them off into the forest to explore. 404 00:32:08,600 --> 00:32:12,800 We could get a whole new insight into this family 405 00:32:12,800 --> 00:32:15,800 and the secrets of their life up in the trees. 406 00:32:23,200 --> 00:32:26,640 But for that we'll have to wait 407 00:32:26,640 --> 00:32:29,280 because, for now, we're leaving the forests of Cameroon. 408 00:32:33,560 --> 00:32:36,560 On the other side of the world, in Argentina, 409 00:32:36,560 --> 00:32:39,440 another animal camera team is setting out 410 00:32:39,440 --> 00:32:41,480 to solve a very different mystery. 411 00:32:44,120 --> 00:32:47,360 Cabo Dos Bahias, on the east coast of Patagonia, 412 00:32:47,360 --> 00:32:50,120 is home to thousands of Magellanic penguins. 413 00:32:55,560 --> 00:32:58,520 For the last 20 years, Dr Rory Wilson 414 00:32:58,520 --> 00:33:01,200 from the University of Swansea has been researching 415 00:33:01,200 --> 00:33:03,400 these charismatic characters. 416 00:33:08,920 --> 00:33:12,800 But last year, 60% of chicks died. 417 00:33:13,320 --> 00:33:18,320 This happens every few years, and Rory is desperate to understand why. 418 00:33:21,760 --> 00:33:25,200 He's hoping our cameras will show him how these parents 419 00:33:25,200 --> 00:33:29,360 are finding food far out at sea, and reveal what they're catching 420 00:33:29,360 --> 00:33:30,520 for their young. 421 00:33:33,720 --> 00:33:36,120 It's the key to their chicks' survival. 422 00:33:42,880 --> 00:33:45,760 There's an interesting time of year because the chicks, from being 423 00:33:45,760 --> 00:33:47,400 small and eating rather little food, 424 00:33:47,400 --> 00:33:50,400 have gotten bigger and suddenly both the parents have to go off to sea to 425 00:33:50,400 --> 00:33:53,640 get fish. They shuttle backwards and forwards delivering fish to these 426 00:33:53,640 --> 00:33:55,960 chicks that have to grow as fast as they can. 427 00:33:59,480 --> 00:34:03,400 They'll need a belly full of food every couple of days 428 00:34:03,400 --> 00:34:04,680 or they risk starvation. 429 00:34:10,840 --> 00:34:14,760 Rory has already developed tech that records the birds' movements 430 00:34:14,760 --> 00:34:17,000 and calculates their diving depths. 431 00:34:21,240 --> 00:34:25,920 This year, our cameras will reveal the final piece of the puzzle, 432 00:34:25,920 --> 00:34:29,560 allowing Rory to watch them hunt far out in the Atlantic. 433 00:34:38,800 --> 00:34:41,520 The team have perfected the art of attaching their gadgets 434 00:34:41,520 --> 00:34:43,200 over many years. 435 00:34:47,400 --> 00:34:50,320 Our cameras have been streamlined and are being placed 436 00:34:50,320 --> 00:34:51,520 on the lower back. 437 00:35:00,840 --> 00:35:03,640 OK. OK. Ready. Ready to roll? Ready to roll. 438 00:35:08,800 --> 00:35:10,160 Within a matter of minutes, 439 00:35:10,160 --> 00:35:13,360 parents are returned to their chicks, completely unfazed 440 00:35:13,360 --> 00:35:15,160 by their mini backpacks. 441 00:35:21,400 --> 00:35:25,480 One by one, our marine team set off to film their hunting trips. 442 00:35:35,360 --> 00:35:40,720 The complexity of the penguin life at sea is inconceivable to us. 443 00:35:40,720 --> 00:35:42,800 This is going to be critical for conservation, 444 00:35:42,800 --> 00:35:46,480 because you can't conserve anything unless you understand it properly. 445 00:35:52,640 --> 00:35:56,120 Rory is hoping the footage will reveal why, in some years, 446 00:35:56,120 --> 00:35:57,760 so few chicks survive. 447 00:36:11,480 --> 00:36:15,320 Our parents bravely swim out through the wild Atlantic surf. 448 00:36:25,480 --> 00:36:29,840 To find a feeding ground, they travel up to 300km 449 00:36:29,840 --> 00:36:33,120 on a gruelling round trip that can last three days. 450 00:36:44,840 --> 00:36:47,960 Scientists suspect their sense of smell might guide them 451 00:36:47,960 --> 00:36:50,200 to areas that are rich in prey. 452 00:37:00,400 --> 00:37:03,520 They fluff an insulating layer of air into their feathers... 453 00:37:07,400 --> 00:37:09,560 ..before diving down to the chilly depths. 454 00:37:15,120 --> 00:37:19,800 Our parents will make up to 400 dives on a typical trip. 455 00:37:27,400 --> 00:37:31,320 The longer they search, the more energy they burn. 456 00:37:31,320 --> 00:37:35,200 And with hungry chicks waiting to be fed, the clock is ticking. 457 00:37:37,320 --> 00:37:41,400 So what our cameras film next is a real surprise. 458 00:37:42,880 --> 00:37:46,760 Oh, what? Oh, my goodness, it's... An inspection. 459 00:37:46,760 --> 00:37:50,840 Do you see that? Just had a look at it, said, "No, not for me." 460 00:37:50,840 --> 00:37:54,000 After hours at sea, our hungry penguins 461 00:37:54,000 --> 00:37:56,280 are ignoring perfectly edible prey. 462 00:37:57,680 --> 00:37:59,760 Whoa, straight past the shrimps. 463 00:38:02,440 --> 00:38:08,400 Shrimp, squid and lobster krill are all passed up. 464 00:38:08,400 --> 00:38:10,600 The penguins are taking a massive gamble. 465 00:38:11,600 --> 00:38:14,120 Their chicks will starve if they leave them for too long 466 00:38:14,120 --> 00:38:15,200 without a meal. 467 00:38:22,400 --> 00:38:25,240 But the penguin parents keep searching 468 00:38:25,240 --> 00:38:27,920 until they finally find what they're after. 469 00:38:31,680 --> 00:38:33,400 Oh, look at that! Is that a school? 470 00:38:34,440 --> 00:38:36,720 Anchovies. 471 00:38:36,720 --> 00:38:40,000 These oil-rich fish are penguin superfood. 472 00:38:50,520 --> 00:38:53,680 Our cameras first show the penguins dropping beneath the fish. 473 00:38:58,560 --> 00:39:01,480 The air in their feathers makes them so buoyant 474 00:39:01,480 --> 00:39:03,560 that they shoot up into the shoal. 475 00:39:13,200 --> 00:39:16,720 Anchovies are the highest-quality food these parents can feed 476 00:39:16,720 --> 00:39:21,800 their chicks, and that can mean the difference between life and death. 477 00:39:31,200 --> 00:39:34,320 All the penguin activity attracts other sea birds. 478 00:39:40,320 --> 00:39:43,120 Long-winged shearwaters join the feast. 479 00:39:48,760 --> 00:39:52,840 But until a catch has been swallowed, it's up for grabs. 480 00:39:54,360 --> 00:39:57,760 Our camera captures a gull snatching a fish 481 00:39:57,760 --> 00:40:00,200 straight from a penguin's beak. 482 00:40:05,480 --> 00:40:09,720 The footage has given Rory whole new understanding and shown just 483 00:40:09,720 --> 00:40:12,560 how important anchovies are to this population. 484 00:40:16,800 --> 00:40:19,320 This penguin's eye-view puts everything else 485 00:40:19,320 --> 00:40:21,480 we've got into perspective, 486 00:40:21,480 --> 00:40:24,280 in terms of the difficulties of finding food. 487 00:40:26,400 --> 00:40:29,800 An anchovy shortage last year may explain why 488 00:40:29,800 --> 00:40:32,280 so many young penguins died. 489 00:40:33,920 --> 00:40:38,120 When they're scarce, parents may have to spend longer at sea 490 00:40:38,120 --> 00:40:41,120 or return with food which isn't nutritious enough. 491 00:40:46,880 --> 00:40:52,000 Fortunately, our cameras indicate an abundance of anchovies this year. 492 00:40:52,000 --> 00:40:54,320 Good news for Patagonia's penguins. 493 00:41:03,400 --> 00:41:05,320 I was always impressed with penguins. 494 00:41:05,320 --> 00:41:09,120 Seeing their amazing capabilities on these cameras 495 00:41:09,120 --> 00:41:11,600 has just blown it away. 496 00:41:11,600 --> 00:41:15,160 I mean, they're more impressive than I thought they possibly could be. 497 00:41:16,680 --> 00:41:21,200 This is the start of an exciting new era in penguin research. 498 00:41:22,600 --> 00:41:26,800 The cameras will enable the team to study this population 499 00:41:26,800 --> 00:41:28,680 in a whole new way, 500 00:41:28,680 --> 00:41:31,760 and could even help protect this species in the future. 501 00:41:38,840 --> 00:41:41,880 Back in the remote jungles of Cameroon, 502 00:41:41,880 --> 00:41:45,920 our cameras have played a key role in helping orphaned Kimbang 503 00:41:45,920 --> 00:41:47,880 on her journey to join a family. 504 00:41:51,120 --> 00:41:55,800 Now we're about to discover what they can teach us about the troop 505 00:41:55,800 --> 00:41:56,800 Mimi hopes Kimbang will join. 506 00:42:00,600 --> 00:42:03,880 We've built a set of extra strong chimp cams. 507 00:42:05,160 --> 00:42:08,000 And Mimi has persuaded the family to take them deep 508 00:42:08,000 --> 00:42:10,280 into their forested enclosure. 509 00:42:18,880 --> 00:42:22,440 After a few hours of filming, all the cameras have been dropped. 510 00:42:27,200 --> 00:42:30,920 Fortunately, we fitted the harnesses with a tracking device. 511 00:42:32,640 --> 00:42:35,480 Back that way. Yes! 512 00:42:35,480 --> 00:42:38,760 It's there. Nice one. 513 00:42:38,760 --> 00:42:40,560 OK. Marvellous. 514 00:42:42,840 --> 00:42:44,320 What will the footage reveal? 515 00:42:53,560 --> 00:42:55,120 She's running through the bush. 516 00:42:55,120 --> 00:42:57,680 That's good, that's great, though. That is great. 517 00:43:00,000 --> 00:43:03,000 You can just almost hear her think, "Right, what am I going to do now?" 518 00:43:03,000 --> 00:43:08,120 Yeah. "I can go left, go right, go straight, climb a tree." 519 00:43:08,120 --> 00:43:10,400 It is amazing, really. I love it. 520 00:43:10,400 --> 00:43:12,160 We've got wild fruit. Oh, wow. 521 00:43:17,320 --> 00:43:18,840 She's dropped the camera. 522 00:43:23,880 --> 00:43:26,720 Fortunately, she's left it pointing up. 523 00:43:26,720 --> 00:43:32,400 What we call a static shot, so she knows the lingo. 524 00:43:32,400 --> 00:43:35,560 She might pick it up. Come on, pick it up, Selma. 525 00:43:35,560 --> 00:43:37,160 Oh, we barely got it. 526 00:43:37,160 --> 00:43:39,920 Come on, come on, come on. Is she climbing? 527 00:43:39,920 --> 00:43:43,360 Yeah. She's got the camera in her hand as she climbs up. 528 00:43:45,600 --> 00:43:46,880 That's really cool. 529 00:43:46,880 --> 00:43:51,400 Instantly, you get this... a real chimp point of view. 530 00:43:51,400 --> 00:43:52,440 Wow. 531 00:43:54,320 --> 00:43:58,520 At the very tops of the trees, we get to see their world 532 00:43:58,520 --> 00:44:00,400 through her eyes. 533 00:44:01,200 --> 00:44:02,960 She would be quite high. 534 00:44:02,960 --> 00:44:05,400 And she's going higher. 535 00:44:05,400 --> 00:44:08,800 The cameras give a real sense of how confident the group are... 536 00:44:10,520 --> 00:44:12,600 ..30 metres above the ground. 537 00:44:14,160 --> 00:44:17,800 See another chimp in the background. Oh, yeah. See, now there are two. 538 00:44:19,240 --> 00:44:22,400 Expert climbers, but how they're able to navigate around 539 00:44:22,400 --> 00:44:23,680 in the canopy... 540 00:44:26,400 --> 00:44:27,800 ..it's amazing. 541 00:44:29,120 --> 00:44:30,320 I'm blown away by that. 542 00:44:39,920 --> 00:44:43,240 The cameras have also captured something surprising. 543 00:44:45,320 --> 00:44:48,600 One of the females has mud on her hand. 544 00:44:48,600 --> 00:44:51,480 At first, she tries to wipe it off with leaves. 545 00:44:51,480 --> 00:44:55,920 But when that doesn't work, she does something completely unexpected. 546 00:45:00,880 --> 00:45:03,960 She's lapping water from a hole in the tree trunk. 547 00:45:06,760 --> 00:45:09,800 She climbs higher to take a seat, 548 00:45:09,800 --> 00:45:14,680 then cleverly uses water held in her mouth to wash her hands. 549 00:45:19,120 --> 00:45:22,720 This family member is cleaning its teeth with a twig. 550 00:45:25,600 --> 00:45:29,920 Another camera has revealed a female delicately weaving herself the 551 00:45:29,920 --> 00:45:31,920 perfect tree-top nest. 552 00:45:38,560 --> 00:45:42,640 It's a rare and privileged glimpse into this family's world. 553 00:45:45,320 --> 00:45:48,720 A view a cameraman like me could never capture. 554 00:45:51,400 --> 00:45:55,640 I think we're so used to just looking up at animals in trees 555 00:45:55,640 --> 00:45:58,160 and you don't really get a sense of what it is truly like 556 00:45:58,160 --> 00:46:01,320 for them up there. And this... This gives you that sense. 557 00:46:03,760 --> 00:46:07,600 You know, I think every single frame, every second that we get, 558 00:46:07,600 --> 00:46:10,320 is showing us something that we've never seen before. 559 00:46:12,400 --> 00:46:13,360 I think it's wonderful. 560 00:46:16,240 --> 00:46:19,920 Being able to see tiny little glimpses that you'd 561 00:46:19,920 --> 00:46:24,400 never normally see has taught me so much about chimps 562 00:46:24,400 --> 00:46:27,800 that I didn't know and what's going on up there. 563 00:46:32,400 --> 00:46:35,400 The cameras have revealed that the adults are thriving 564 00:46:35,400 --> 00:46:37,480 in their forest home. 565 00:46:42,120 --> 00:46:45,400 It's clear this family has a strong bond. 566 00:46:47,280 --> 00:46:50,400 It's exactly the sort of nurturing environment 567 00:46:50,400 --> 00:46:52,400 a young chimp like Kimbang needs. 568 00:46:58,280 --> 00:47:01,120 I go to say my final farewells, 569 00:47:01,120 --> 00:47:05,800 and this time Kimbang seems more interested in exploring 570 00:47:05,800 --> 00:47:07,200 her surroundings than playing with us. 571 00:47:09,960 --> 00:47:14,000 It's encouraging to see how confident and free-spirited 572 00:47:14,000 --> 00:47:15,400 she's become. 573 00:47:16,520 --> 00:47:19,520 From everything that we've seen, or everything that she's shown us, 574 00:47:19,520 --> 00:47:22,520 do you think that Kimbang is ready to join a group of chimps 575 00:47:22,520 --> 00:47:24,000 in the forest? 576 00:47:24,000 --> 00:47:25,640 Yeah, I'm confident. 577 00:47:25,640 --> 00:47:28,360 I think she'll flourish, actually, in a group. 578 00:47:29,560 --> 00:47:32,920 So really exciting next step for her. 579 00:47:32,920 --> 00:47:35,000 Not only that she can get by, 580 00:47:35,000 --> 00:47:39,360 but she can actually contribute to chimpanzee society, doing all of 581 00:47:39,360 --> 00:47:42,400 the things that chimpanzees should be doing. 582 00:47:42,400 --> 00:47:43,960 I'm really going to miss her. I really am. 583 00:47:43,960 --> 00:47:46,720 I've just absolutely loved spending time with her in the forest, 584 00:47:46,720 --> 00:47:49,480 and actually kind of watching her do what she does 585 00:47:49,480 --> 00:47:51,280 so, so wonderfully. 586 00:47:57,440 --> 00:48:00,840 From the chimpanzees' extraordinary tree-top world... 587 00:48:02,320 --> 00:48:04,840 ..to the meerkats' secret life below ground... 588 00:48:07,160 --> 00:48:10,400 ..and our penguin's epic underwater adventures... 589 00:48:11,960 --> 00:48:16,800 ..our cameras have revealed more than we could ever have imagined. 590 00:48:19,840 --> 00:48:20,960 Thank you very much. 591 00:48:22,320 --> 00:48:23,720 You've all been wonderful. 592 00:48:40,960 --> 00:48:42,600 To make Animals With Cameras, 593 00:48:42,600 --> 00:48:45,880 we worked with the huge cast of animals from around the world. 594 00:48:45,880 --> 00:48:47,000 Good girl. Good girl. 595 00:48:49,520 --> 00:48:52,560 Each required its own custom-built camera system... 596 00:48:56,400 --> 00:48:59,840 ..carefully positioned so it didn't affect its natural behaviour. 597 00:49:05,360 --> 00:49:08,480 In this episode, it was the smallest of animals 598 00:49:08,480 --> 00:49:11,840 that presented the biggest challenges. 599 00:49:11,840 --> 00:49:16,120 We had to turn a family of meerkats into a wildlife film crew 600 00:49:16,120 --> 00:49:18,480 to reveal their underground secrets. 601 00:49:20,400 --> 00:49:23,200 But how on earth do you make a camera that's lightweight enough 602 00:49:23,200 --> 00:49:27,680 for a meerkat to wear, but capable of filming in the dark? 603 00:49:31,320 --> 00:49:34,400 We turned to the person with experience to take on this 604 00:49:34,400 --> 00:49:37,200 seemingly impossible challenge - Chris Watts - 605 00:49:37,200 --> 00:49:39,800 an expert in building miniature cameras. 606 00:49:41,280 --> 00:49:43,800 Weeks before filming started, 607 00:49:43,800 --> 00:49:47,120 Chris hit the workshop to develop his first prototype, 608 00:49:47,120 --> 00:49:50,400 using specialist software and a 3D printer. 609 00:49:51,480 --> 00:49:56,280 This is not something that has been done, to my knowledge, before - 610 00:49:56,280 --> 00:49:58,440 putting a camera on a meerkat. 611 00:49:59,920 --> 00:50:04,160 There's a lot of unknowns going into this, but luckily 612 00:50:04,160 --> 00:50:06,480 we're not completely reinventing the wheel, 613 00:50:06,480 --> 00:50:08,920 because the meerkats do already wear collars. 614 00:50:08,920 --> 00:50:11,320 The scientists have VHF collars on the meerkats. 615 00:50:12,400 --> 00:50:16,800 As with any new design, it was important to fully test it. 616 00:50:17,880 --> 00:50:21,800 So Chris enlisted the help of a body double. 617 00:50:21,800 --> 00:50:25,600 Kosmima is a tamed meerkat used to educate schoolchildren. 618 00:50:27,160 --> 00:50:31,240 For Chris, it was important to make sure the collar fitted comfortably 619 00:50:31,240 --> 00:50:34,720 and the cameras were in the right position to film. 620 00:50:34,720 --> 00:50:36,760 Yeah, great. Yeah? 621 00:50:36,760 --> 00:50:40,280 Let me check it's not too tight. Yeah. 622 00:50:40,280 --> 00:50:42,360 I can freely move it all the way around. 623 00:50:42,360 --> 00:50:44,400 Oh, that's perfect. 624 00:50:44,400 --> 00:50:45,680 It looks like it's hanging really well. 625 00:50:45,680 --> 00:50:48,280 I mean, one thing I was worried about is the camera dragging 626 00:50:48,280 --> 00:50:50,480 on the floor, because they're so small, 627 00:50:50,480 --> 00:50:53,600 but you want to get the camera as far away from the chin as possible. 628 00:50:53,600 --> 00:50:55,880 Yeah, I was worried it would be scraping everywhere, 629 00:50:55,880 --> 00:50:58,440 but there seems to be quite a lot of room, which is good. 630 00:50:58,440 --> 00:51:01,520 Kosmima seemed perfectly content. 631 00:51:01,520 --> 00:51:04,560 But would wild meerkats take to Chris' camera? 632 00:51:06,200 --> 00:51:09,680 Our filming location was the Cambridge University study site 633 00:51:09,680 --> 00:51:11,720 in South Africa. 634 00:51:11,720 --> 00:51:16,240 25 years of research have made the meerkats here very relaxed. 635 00:51:19,640 --> 00:51:21,520 I love how they're just doing their own thing, 636 00:51:21,520 --> 00:51:23,480 they're not really paying us any attention. 637 00:51:23,480 --> 00:51:25,880 They're just being meerkats. 638 00:51:25,880 --> 00:51:29,400 This is the really good thing about having such a long-term project, 639 00:51:29,400 --> 00:51:33,600 is that the meerkats end up so used to us, so you couldn't 640 00:51:33,600 --> 00:51:37,520 call them domesticated because they are still a wild animal. Yeah. 641 00:51:37,520 --> 00:51:40,880 But they're habituated to us, they're used to us being here, 642 00:51:40,880 --> 00:51:43,400 which is really, really helpful. 643 00:51:45,160 --> 00:51:49,400 But ultimately, the success or failure of this mission 644 00:51:49,400 --> 00:51:52,520 would boil down to getting the technology just right. 645 00:51:54,760 --> 00:51:58,120 The scientists advise the camera should weigh less than 5% 646 00:51:58,120 --> 00:52:00,240 of the meerkat's weight. 647 00:52:00,240 --> 00:52:03,120 So Chris worked hard to shrink the battery, camera, 648 00:52:03,120 --> 00:52:06,400 and collar to the smallest possible size. 649 00:52:09,120 --> 00:52:12,160 His final version weighed in at less than one fifth 650 00:52:12,160 --> 00:52:14,400 of your average smartphone. 651 00:52:17,640 --> 00:52:20,640 But I think it's astounding that something as small as this... 652 00:52:20,640 --> 00:52:24,520 Yeah, it's mad, isn't it? ..can get moving images. 653 00:52:24,520 --> 00:52:25,640 It's minuscule. 654 00:52:26,680 --> 00:52:29,120 But we soon had a problem. 655 00:52:30,280 --> 00:52:34,000 Our test meerkat, Kosmima, had been happy with the prototype, 656 00:52:34,000 --> 00:52:37,400 but her wild cousins were less impressed. 657 00:52:37,400 --> 00:52:39,720 And Chris soon figured out why. 658 00:52:41,480 --> 00:52:45,200 The way we've been doing it is trying to get this around the back, 659 00:52:45,200 --> 00:52:49,120 carefully like so, and then just wrap that like that. 660 00:52:49,120 --> 00:52:51,400 And that's great, it stays on really well, 661 00:52:51,400 --> 00:52:53,960 and it doesn't make any noise. But when it comes to taking it off... 662 00:52:55,480 --> 00:52:57,840 ..it's quite loud. And obviously, you can see how close 663 00:52:57,840 --> 00:53:01,720 to the ears it is. It's not very nice for the meerkats. 664 00:53:01,720 --> 00:53:05,800 It turns out that the sound of Velcro is the meerkat equivalent 665 00:53:05,800 --> 00:53:08,800 of nails down a blackboard. 666 00:53:08,800 --> 00:53:11,840 The new thought is, we have these magnets. 667 00:53:11,840 --> 00:53:16,120 We can keep the hands quite far away and it's just a case of getting it 668 00:53:16,120 --> 00:53:19,240 to there, and it clicks on really nicely. 669 00:53:19,240 --> 00:53:22,000 I think that could be a real move forward. 670 00:53:22,000 --> 00:53:23,840 Problem solved. 671 00:53:23,840 --> 00:53:27,640 But the biggest test for Chris was yet to come. 672 00:53:30,560 --> 00:53:34,800 To film inside the meerkats' burrow, we'd need lighting. 673 00:53:34,800 --> 00:53:38,400 And we had no idea of the size of the space to be lit. 674 00:53:46,400 --> 00:53:49,160 So we asked geophysicist Dr Adam Booth 675 00:53:49,160 --> 00:53:53,320 to scan our family's home with ground-penetrating radar. 676 00:53:53,320 --> 00:53:56,560 Something he usually uses on archaeological digs. 677 00:54:02,440 --> 00:54:04,480 Here we go, ready? 678 00:54:04,480 --> 00:54:05,960 Whoa. 679 00:54:05,960 --> 00:54:08,760 So that's what the network looks like. 680 00:54:08,760 --> 00:54:12,560 I see something that resembles the London Underground tube map, 681 00:54:12,560 --> 00:54:15,440 you know - it's pretty interconnected. 682 00:54:15,440 --> 00:54:18,240 I think it's really exciting that we've got our 683 00:54:18,240 --> 00:54:21,000 meerkat camera operator who can go down there 684 00:54:21,000 --> 00:54:22,760 and give us their eye-view of it, 685 00:54:22,760 --> 00:54:25,200 and we can check that against what we see on the radar, 686 00:54:25,200 --> 00:54:27,280 and I think that's absolutely unique. 687 00:54:27,280 --> 00:54:28,960 Yeah. It's brilliant. 688 00:54:28,960 --> 00:54:32,120 One, I hope that the cameras don't fall off down there, 689 00:54:32,120 --> 00:54:34,600 because if they do, it's very unlikely we're going to get 690 00:54:34,600 --> 00:54:35,840 any of the cameras back. 691 00:54:37,520 --> 00:54:42,440 The burrow was far bigger and more complex than anyone expected. 692 00:54:43,880 --> 00:54:46,640 Understanding the tunnel system helped Chris come up 693 00:54:46,640 --> 00:54:48,600 with the very best way to light it. 694 00:54:51,280 --> 00:54:56,400 He added infrared lights to the collar, pointing sideways. 695 00:54:56,400 --> 00:54:58,400 They can't be seen by the naked eye, 696 00:54:58,400 --> 00:55:00,760 but they'll still illuminate the whole burrow system. 697 00:55:00,760 --> 00:55:02,400 And we've got them on the collar, 698 00:55:02,400 --> 00:55:05,440 so actually it'll bounce off the walls around the meerkat's head. 699 00:55:08,000 --> 00:55:11,720 We've got another... one meerkat filming the other. 700 00:55:11,720 --> 00:55:14,320 Yeah. Multi-camera shoot. 701 00:55:15,480 --> 00:55:18,400 Oh, that's cool. That's robo-meerkat! Yeah! 702 00:55:20,120 --> 00:55:22,800 With the infrared lights working, 703 00:55:22,800 --> 00:55:26,400 our camera cat was ready to film his own home movie. 704 00:55:26,400 --> 00:55:28,400 That is fantastic. 705 00:55:32,760 --> 00:55:35,280 And after weeks of filming, 706 00:55:35,280 --> 00:55:39,320 we finally got to see the meerkats' best-kept secret... 707 00:55:40,560 --> 00:55:42,120 ..newborn pups. 708 00:55:44,880 --> 00:55:47,800 Right at the start of this whole project, 709 00:55:47,800 --> 00:55:50,720 getting the pups underground was the big dream. 710 00:55:50,720 --> 00:55:54,200 And it's just really rewarding now to just watch this stuff back 711 00:55:54,200 --> 00:55:56,800 and see something which I think, you know, 712 00:55:56,800 --> 00:55:58,760 is a really privileged insight. 713 00:55:58,760 --> 00:56:03,800 Our cameras had ended a 25-year wait for the Kalahari research team. 714 00:56:06,400 --> 00:56:09,840 But, of course, meerkats were only the start. 715 00:56:11,880 --> 00:56:15,640 Next time, our cameras reveal the incredible hunting skills 716 00:56:15,640 --> 00:56:18,120 of Australian fur seals. 717 00:56:18,120 --> 00:56:20,320 Oh, wow. Goodness me. 718 00:56:24,640 --> 00:56:28,480 We join a family of troublesome baboons in the South African bush. 719 00:56:31,120 --> 00:56:32,680 And in Namibia... 720 00:56:32,680 --> 00:56:34,120 That's perfect, look at you. 721 00:56:35,680 --> 00:56:38,200 ..we hunt with the fastest mammal on Earth.